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Analysis of the Tunisian olive oil industry

Analysis of the Tunisian olive oil industry

Image: africa360degrees.com


Tunisia is the most important olive planting country in the southern Mediterranean and is considered to be the top one country in the global olive oil market. The annual production of olive oil fluctuates depending on the harvest season, rainfall and cyclical effects.

Tunisia's olive oil industry is encouraged by agricultural policies, which encourage the expansion of the olive trees surfaces and the effort of the private sector to modernize and improve the quality of the olive oil. This led to the olive tree monopolizing 1.9 million hectares of land, accounting for more than a third of the country's agricultural area.

Mainly, the Tunisian olive oil sector is characterized by some stylized facts:
The high socio-economic impact of the olive oil sector
The cyclical effect of the production
The lack of efficiency due to low scale and traditional cultivated surface
The weakness of marketing policy at national and international level

The olive oil sector occupied a strategic position in the Tunisian economy, due to its social and economic dimensions for the country. In fact, it represents about 15% of the total value of the final agricultural production. The sector contributes about 50% of total agricultural exports, 5.5% of total exports and it is considered the fifth-largest source of foreign exchange earnings in the country.

Despite, the low scale of the olive groves surface, the olive sector (olive growing plus olive industry) supports, directly or indirectly, more than a million people and provides about 34 million working days per year, which is equivalent to more than 20% of agricultural employment.

The season 2019-2020 is exceptional for Tunisia olive oil harvest, it is the top of the olive production cycle, amounting to 350 thousand tonnes and more than double of past season harvest. Whereas, the best national historical record for olive oil production is about 340 thousand tones in 2015. The yearly average of national production in recent years was around 180 thousand tonnes largely contributed by the region of Sfax, about 17% of national production and followed by Mahdia, about 14%. This season gives Tunisia the chance to regain its second rank of world exporter, after Spain, with a quantity expected between 200 and 250 thousand tones, especially with the fall of the competitor’s productions. It gives also the chance for best positioning internationally and conquering new markets.

It is true that national production has experienced a consistent improvement in recent years and remarkable in terms of quantity and quality. Tunisia now distinguished by around 40% of world production of organic olive oil and has managed to glean more than 100 medals in quality competitions. Nevertheless, the country's potential in this area is significant and the possibilities for improvement of the sector's returns are enormous. The olive oil production is marketed to local demand for around 20%, while the rest 80% is intended for export to 50 international destinations, which the largest, is the European Union market, about 70% of the Tunisia olive oil exports.

Many efforts were developed by the actors of the Tunisia olive oil sector on the marketing side to increase the Tunisia international market share. So, much active worldwide interventions were achieved in the aims of ameliorating the Tunisian olive oil brand. On December 25, 2019, Turkey was engaged to imports olive oil from Tunisia and marketed it for other countries.

While Tunisia aspires to export 250 thousand tons, the export of olive oil was tackled by the European market barriers. Looking for new markets and strategy has great importance to restart the economic situation by:
Exploring the Japanese and Chinese markets where there is increasing interest in olive oil.
Exploring the American market considered the largest importer of olive oil.
Passing from crude olive oil producer to bottled olive oil producer and exporter

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